NSAIDs
The common pain reliever with hidden costs. NSAIDs (Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs) like ibuprofen and aspirin block COX enzymes that make prostaglandins. This reduces pain, inflammation, and fever—but prostaglandins also protect the stomach lining, kidney function, and gut barrier. Long-term use has serious risks.
Common NSAIDs
Ibuprofen
Advil, Motrin. Most common. 4-6 hour duration. Moderate strength.
Naproxen
Aleve. Longer acting (8-12 hours). Once or twice daily dosing.
Aspirin
Unique mechanism. Irreversible COX inhibition. Low-dose for heart. Blood thinner.
Celecoxib
Celebrex. COX-2 selective. Less GI effects. Cardiovascular concerns.
Diclofenac
Voltaren. Prescription strength. Also available topically.
Indomethacin
Stronger. Often for gout. More side effects.
Side Effects & Risks
GI Damage
Ulcers, bleeding. Prostaglandins protect stomach. NSAIDs remove protection.
Leaky Gut
Increase intestinal permeability. Tight junctions damaged. Inflammation results.
Kidney Damage
Reduce blood flow to kidneys. Risk with dehydration or existing disease.
Cardiovascular
Increased heart attack, stroke risk. Especially with long-term use.
Blood Pressure
Can raise blood pressure. Interfere with BP medications.
Delayed Healing
Inflammation is part of healing. Blocking may slow tissue repair.
Natural Alternatives
Curcumin
From turmeric. Anti-inflammatory. Use with black pepper for absorption.
Omega-3
Fish oil. Shifts prostaglandin balance. Anti-inflammatory at high doses.
Boswellia
Frankincense extract. Blocks 5-LOX. Different pathway than NSAIDs.
Ginger
COX and LOX inhibition. Stomach-protective. Anti-nausea too.