NAC
The glutathione builder. N-Acetyl Cysteine (NAC) is a form of the amino acid cysteine that raises glutathione—the body's master antioxidant. Used medically for acetaminophen overdose and as a mucolytic. Supports liver, lungs, and brain.
Key Mechanisms
Glutathione Synthesis
Provides cysteine—rate-limiting amino acid. Raises intracellular glutathione. Better than taking glutathione directly.
Mucolytic
Breaks disulfide bonds in mucus. Thins secretions. Used for respiratory conditions.
Glutamate Modulation
Restores glutamate/GABA balance. Brain effects. Mental health applications.
Heavy Metal Binding
Chelates some metals. Supports detoxification. Mercury, lead binding.
Medical & Research Uses
Acetaminophen Overdose
FDA-approved treatment. Restores glutathione. Prevents liver damage. IV in hospitals.
Respiratory Conditions
COPD, cystic fibrosis. Thins mucus. Reduces exacerbations. Often nebulized.
Liver Support
NAFLD studies. Raises glutathione. Supports phase II detox. General liver health.
OCD & Trichotillomania
Glutamate modulation. Reduces compulsive behaviors. Adjunct therapy studied.
Addiction
Cocaine, gambling studies. Glutamate normalization. Reduces cravings in research.
Fertility (Male)
Improves sperm parameters. Antioxidant effect. Often combined with selenium.
Dosing Guidelines
General Use
600mg 1-2x daily. Empty stomach ideal. Start low.
Respiratory
600mg 2-3x daily. May use nebulized form. Higher doses studied.
Mental Health
1200-2400mg daily. Studies use higher doses. Split dosing.
With Meals or Without
Empty stomach may be better for glutathione. With food if stomach upset.
With Vitamin C
Synergistic. Vitamin C protects glutathione. Common combination.
With Selenium
Selenium in glutathione peroxidase. Works together. Don't forget cofactors.
Cautions & Side Effects
GI Upset
Nausea, diarrhea possible. Take with food if needed. Start with lower dose.
Sulfur Smell
Contains sulfur. May smell like rotten eggs. Normal for compound.
Histamine
May release histamine in sensitive individuals. Caution with mast cell issues.
Blood Thinning
Mild anticoagulant effect. Caution with blood thinners. Stop before surgery.
Asthma Caution
Nebulized NAC may trigger bronchospasm. Oral form generally safe.
Zinc & Copper
Long-term may deplete minerals. Consider supplementing. Chelating effect.